Amazing.
All it takes is this guy inventing an electrical term "the Joule effect" and he expects us to blindly believe it.
When some long paper makes up their own terminology...and then quotes 'experts' who they will not name in order to support it I immediately smell snake oil.
BTW - There is a well-known phenomenon named the Joule Effect; but it is entirely unrelated to electricity.
His invention his choice of terms. But I promise you AFCIs have 10,000 times more made up and misused terms to justify them. Remember what "short circuit arcing" became? Somehow we all blindly believe this.
http://paceforensic.com/pdfs/Circuit_Breakers_The_Myth_of_Safety.pdf