Definitely a violation of 250.93(A)(3). Essentialy the GEC is now a choke, and is almost useless to safely diverty fault current. I believe we've had discussions on this before.
Assuming PVC is acceptable by local code to protect the GEC, that's what should've been used - with proper fittings and no opening like what's pictured. Here in NYC, our local code requires the GEC to be protected in metal conduit, of course bonded at both ends to comply with 250.92(A)(3). RMC or IMC outdoors, EMT indoors. Depending on the inspector, you can sometimes get by with Greefield indoors because it's still considered "protected".
300.15 could apply... while a box or conduit body is installed, in this case the conduit body isn't installed right or as listed, and certainly isn't "workmanlike" in any way.
Joe
