"So... If there's a serious accident in Belgium after the wiring has been inspected, who gets sued? The electrician, the inspector, or both? "

The inspector, since the electrician would be covered by the inspection. That's the idea of the inspection. Let me add that the inspection is made by a independant body.

"The only problem with any inspection like this is that somebody can still come along afterward and tear into the wiring, leaving it in a dangerous state."

Then that person would be responsible. That's exactly why that when we have a inspection we need to make a complete plan of the installation. That plan is printed in 3 examples. 1 for the electrician , 1 for the owner, and 1 for the inspection body. All 3 are stamped by the inspector.