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Tks...I am wanting to make sure that this is one of the exceptions to 310.16 that allows you to alter from putting 14 only on a 15 amp breaker and so forth with the 12 and 10 wire.

Actually, the restriction for limiting the protection for #14, 12, and 10 is not in table 310.16 it is in 240.4(D). But 240.4(D) is not applicable if you have one of the permissable loads in 240.4(G). Most motor and HVAC loads are covered by 240.4(G) and so they can use these size conductors at their maximum table 310.16 values (as restricted by the equipment terminations).