What you ask for is no less than a complete re-orientation in the way we write our code.
The die was cast long ago, when it was decided that appliances need not be wired for the circuit ampacity, but only for the appliance needs. Thus, appliances with #16 cords are routinely designed to plug into 20 amp circuits. Heck, for all I know, there are even smaller cords on some appliances! We also decided not to have any form of fuse or circuit breaker on the appliance itself.
Other parts of the world have taken differing approaches ... including fused receptacles, fused appliances, limited power circuits, etc.
The cords are considered as appliances. At some point you have to rely upon people exercising a certain amount of sense.
The fact is that there is nothing that cannot be abused, misused, or broken. A failure often gets our attention; we tend to overlook the countless cords that are properly used, and which operate safely for decades.
