To put it simply, no.
Most likely the motor on a gramophone that old is AC and is dependent on the line frequency to hold its speed (like clock motors are).
A 110 volt 60 hertz AC motor will spin slower at 50 hertz even if it's running at the same voltage.
If this were a DC motor, as is the case with modern turntables, then it wouldn't matter because the AC from the line gets dropped and then rectified into DC.
