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A different explanation is that this is a outdated code from when people started using tumble dryers on the same sockets and therefore they "prescribed" 4mm2. On all new installations the practice is to have 2 sockets with 2 seperate 2.5mm2 cables.

You mean that 4 mm2 is intended to supply both washer and dryer, whereas 2.5 mm2 is enough if you have separate circuits? Then it makes sense.

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The new instal. are single phase and therefore 6mm2. We do have also 3 phase installations and then it is allowed 4mm2 for stoves.

New installs are single phase whereas old are 3-phase?

How large are the supplies for 1) a flat, 2) a single family house ? (I.e., the rating of the main fuse)