Fire Dampers usually run on 120V dedicated circuits.
Typically there is a heat or smoke detector on one or both sides of the fire wall mounted on a relay base or with internal relays.
Most of the dampers I've installed require power to close but have a fusible link usually around 185F in case the power is out.
The detectors are wired into the Fire Alarm Panel plus they have the additional contacts for the damper to operate. If one of these detectors goes into alarm the damper will close and the FA panel go into alarm unless you are in an older building with dampers but no Fire Alarm.
