Thanks to both of you for your responses --
"low ball" sounds about right, especially by the looks of the way the 10-2 was installed. Quite a sloppy job.

What had concerned me the most was the warm cable and breakers. (Not hot, but warm enough to notice it.)

Just to clarify, as the receptacle is now wired with 10-3, are the [i]plugs[i] wired with 4 conductors somehow--that is, would the chassis of the dryer be grounded, and if so, how?