What is that glob of red on the right? I'm thinking it's a piece of terminal block wrapped in tape.
Yes, I think so.
At least the European type of terminal block does not allow you to contact the current-carrying elements since they're all recessed and shrouded.
The type found in older boxes is not shrouded.
I'm seeing what looks like a brown, green/yellow and blue cluster (going into the blob) to the right.
Black, black/white, blue and brown.
Then there's a white and what looks like a black (or is it burnt) wire to the left).
Green/yellow and a taped bare wire. (The two earth wires)
I apologize for the poor quality of the picture. (I used a digital video camera without flash.)
Are these individual conductors going into a pipe or is this all a single multi-conductor cable stapled to the wall?
The latter.