ECN Electrical Forum - Discussion Forums for Electricians, Inspectors and Related Professionals
ECN Shout Chat
ShoutChat
Recent Posts
Increasing demand factors in residential
by gfretwell - 03/28/24 12:43 AM
Portable generator question
by Steve Miller - 03/19/24 08:50 PM
Do we need grounding?
by NORCAL - 03/19/24 05:11 PM
240V only in a home and NEC?
by dsk - 03/19/24 06:33 AM
Cordless Tools: The Obvious Question
by renosteinke - 03/14/24 08:05 PM
New in the Gallery:
This is a new one
This is a new one
by timmp, September 24
Few pics I found
Few pics I found
by timmp, August 15
Who's Online Now
2 members (Scott35, gfretwell), 275 guests, and 12 robots.
Key: Admin, Global Mod, Mod
Previous Thread
Next Thread
Print Thread
Rate Thread
#130395 03/31/06 05:30 PM
Joined: Feb 2006
Posts: 18
R
rhpope Offline OP
Member
Are T-T Connected Transformers for 3-phase utility power commonly used?

Stay up to Code with the Latest NEC:


>> 2023 NEC & Related Reference & Exam Prep
2023 NEC & Related Reference & Study Guides

Pass Your Exam the FIRST TIME with the Latest NEC & Exam Prep

>> 2020 NEC & Related Reference & Study Guides
 

Joined: Feb 2006
Posts: 18
R
rhpope Offline OP
Member
How do they compare to Open Delta setups?

Joined: Oct 2000
Posts: 2,723
Likes: 1
Broom Pusher and
Member
Quote

Are T-T Connected Transformers for 3-phase utility power commonly used?

They were "Kind-Of Commonly Used", back when some customers still utilized 2 Phase Equipment, and I do remember seeing a few for low demand 3 Phase customers too.

Have not seen anything lately (last 10 years) new from a PoCo - on a pole - which was connected in a "Tee" format.

Quote

How do they compare to Open Delta setups?

They are Open Delta Configurations!!!

A "Common" Open Delta "Vee" uses "Standard" type Transformers, and the Configurations are achieved by connecting the Two Transformers in Parallel at the end of each Transformer - and if wanted, using the center tap of one winding (secondary) for a multiwire system, or just a center tapped grounded system as only 3 Phase 3 wire.

On an Open Delta "Tee" configuration, one Transformer may be of a "standard" type - with center tap abilities on both the Primary and Secondary windings, however, the second Transformer requires Primary and Secondary winding taps at 86.6% of th full winding length.
This is the typical "Scott - T -" setup, and may be used for 2 Phase 3 Wire outputs from 3 Phase 3 Wire systems.

Two Phase systems also used the "Taylor" configuration, which used Three separate single phase Transformers - one being the typical "Center Tapped Type", and the remaining two being the type with "86.6% Taps".

I have seen a few "simple" 3 Phase 3 wire Open Delta Tee systems, on poles - here and there, mostly in older commercial areas of L.A., but that was like between 1976 and 1995 - so who knows if these systems are still in existence.

Not very sure about other Utilities across the Country - can only describe the most commonly seen stuff in my area from the following Utilities:
  • Southern California Edison (SCE),
  • Pacific Gas and Electric (P,G, & E),
  • San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG & E),
  • Anaheim Public Utilities (APU),
  • Los Angeles Dept. of Water and Power (LADWP),
  • A few others in Southern California.


However... [Linked Image]

Many Polyphase Low Voltage (up to 600 Volts) Dry-Type Transformers, with Apparent Power ratings between 5 KVA and 15 KVA, are setup as Open Delta "Tee" configurations.
In fact, Square D uses Open Delta Tee setups for 208/120V 3Ø 4 Wire Dry Type Step-Down Transformers of 3 KVA thru 15 KVA.
The "86.6%" tap point is where terminal "X0" is made - which is the "Common Neutral Conductor" terminal location.

These setups are listed as "Wye" configurations - mainly because the output yields similar Voltages of a Star Connected 3 Transformer coil setup with a Common Neutral Conductor tapped to the Star point (208/120V), however they are actually Open Delta "Tee" configurations.
No big deal - they work fine for most basic multiwire stuff.

BTW
There is another "Open" type configuration that is commonly used - by Utilities and for Customer Owned Transformers...
This one is known as the "Open Wye" setup.

Open Wye configurations resemble an Open Delta "Vee" configuration, only it typically carries a "Common Conductor" across the Primary and Secondary sides, which is terminated at the Star point, and is most always a Grounded Conductor.

Some Open Wyes are setup isolated from the Primary side, but most are setup in a basic Autotransformer fashion, using some Conductor which is common to both the Primary and the Secondary sides.

An example for a Low Voltage setup:

Using only 2 Ungrounded Conductors + the Grounded Conductor of a 208Y/120 3Ø 4 Wire Wye system, to feed the Primary side of an Open Wye configuration (using only 2 Transformers), we may achieve a 3 Phase output on the Secondary side.

In fact, the Primary Feeders of the above noted example - IS, IN FACT - a polyphase system.

Additional information may be found in the Technical Reference area, and from post by other members.

Scott35

edited fer spelin blunderz!

[This message has been edited by Scott35 (edited 04-03-2006).]


Scott " 35 " Thompson
Just Say NO To Green Eggs And Ham!

Link Copied to Clipboard
Powered by UBB.threads™ PHP Forum Software 7.7.5