Obviousley I came up 3" short, but it wasn't a mis-measure. And yes I was measuring outside to outside. I also did rotate pipe 180 degrees. And, I made my first bend from the end of the shoe and second bend from the only notch in the shoe on this bender. That is what has me confused. There were 4 of us on this job and all confused about why this didn't work. We bend pipe almost everyday, but not usually 2" IMC. Most of what we do is 1 1/4" or less.